Strategic Leadership as Understanding

For more than 100 years, managers have relied on four basic duties: planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. These ideas emerged when businesses were stable and predictable, so managers could assume markets, company structures, and performance systems would largely remain the same. Today’s workplaces are totally different. They face constant change, uncertainty, and complexity. As Esenyel states, modern leaders cannot keep up with fast digital advances and diverse teams¹. Old management functions are still useful, but old ways of viewing them no longer fit today’s organizational reality.